A framework for supporting knowledge representation – an ontological based approach

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de ComputadoresThe World Wide Web has had a tremendous impact on society and business in just a few years by making information instantly available. During this transition from physical to electronic means for information transport, the content and encoding of information has remained natural language and is only identified by its URL. Today, this is perhaps the most significant obstacle to streamlining business processes via the web. In order that processes may execute without human intervention, knowledge sources, such as documents, must become more machine understandable and must contain other information besides their main contents and URLs. The Semantic Web is a vision of a future web of machine-understandable data. On a machine understandable web, it will be possible for programs to easily determine what knowledge sources are about. This work introduces a conceptual framework and its implementation to support the classification and discovery of knowledge sources, supported by the above vision, where such sources’ information is structured and represented through a mathematical vector that semantically pinpoints the relevance of those knowledge sources within the domain of interest of each user. The presented work also addresses the enrichment of such knowledge representations, using the statistical relevance of keywords based on the classical vector space model concept, and extending it with ontological support, by using concepts and semantic relations, contained in a domain-specific ontology, to enrich knowledge sources’ semantic vectors. Semantic vectors are compared against each other, in order to obtain the similarity between them, and better support end users with knowledge source retrieval capabilities

A Data-driven Methodology Towards Mobility- and Traffic-related Big Spatiotemporal Data Frameworks

Human population is increasing at unprecedented rates, particularly in urban areas. This increase, along with the rise of a more economically empowered middle class, brings new and complex challenges to the mobility of people within urban areas. To tackle such challenges, transportation and mobility authorities and operators are trying to adopt innovative Big Data-driven Mobility- and Traffic-related solutions. Such solutions will help decision-making processes that aim to ease the load on an already overloaded transport infrastructure. The information collected from day-to-day mobility and traffic can help to mitigate some of such mobility challenges in urban areas. Road infrastructure and traffic management operators (RITMOs) face several limitations to effectively extract value from the exponentially growing volumes of mobility- and traffic-related Big Spatiotemporal Data (MobiTrafficBD) that are being acquired and gathered. Research about the topics of Big Data, Spatiotemporal Data and specially MobiTrafficBD is scattered, and existing literature does not offer a concrete, common methodological approach to setup, configure, deploy and use a complete Big Data-based framework to manage the lifecycle of mobility-related spatiotemporal data, mainly focused on geo-referenced time series (GRTS) and spatiotemporal events (ST Events), extract value from it and support decision-making processes of RITMOs. This doctoral thesis proposes a data-driven, prescriptive methodological approach towards the design, development and deployment of MobiTrafficBD Frameworks focused on GRTS and ST Events. Besides a thorough literature review on Spatiotemporal Data, Big Data and the merging of these two fields through MobiTraffiBD, the methodological approach comprises a set of general characteristics, technical requirements, logical components, data flows and technological infrastructure models, as well as guidelines and best practices that aim to guide researchers, practitioners and stakeholders, such as RITMOs, throughout the design, development and deployment phases of any MobiTrafficBD Framework. This work is intended to be a supporting methodological guide, based on widely used Reference Architectures and guidelines for Big Data, but enriched with inherent characteristics and concerns brought about by Big Spatiotemporal Data, such as in the case of GRTS and ST Events. The proposed methodology was evaluated and demonstrated in various real-world use cases that deployed MobiTrafficBD-based Data Management, Processing, Analytics and Visualisation methods, tools and technologies, under the umbrella of several research projects funded by the European Commission and the Portuguese Government.A população humana cresce a um ritmo sem precedentes, particularmente nas áreas urbanas. Este aumento, aliado ao robustecimento de uma classe média com maior poder económico, introduzem novos e complexos desafios na mobilidade de pessoas em áreas urbanas. Para abordar estes desafios, autoridades e operadores de transportes e mobilidade estão a adotar soluções inovadoras no domínio dos sistemas de Dados em Larga Escala nos domínios da Mobilidade e Tráfego. Estas soluções irão apoiar os processos de decisão com o intuito de libertar uma infraestrutura de estradas e transportes já sobrecarregada. A informação colecionada da mobilidade diária e da utilização da infraestrutura de estradas pode ajudar na mitigação de alguns dos desafios da mobilidade urbana. Os operadores de gestão de trânsito e de infraestruturas de estradas (em inglês, road infrastructure and traffic management operators — RITMOs) estão limitados no que toca a extrair valor de um sempre crescente volume de Dados Espaciotemporais em Larga Escala no domínio da Mobilidade e Tráfego (em inglês, Mobility- and Traffic-related Big Spatiotemporal Data —MobiTrafficBD) que estão a ser colecionados e recolhidos. Os trabalhos de investigação sobre os tópicos de Big Data, Dados Espaciotemporais e, especialmente, de MobiTrafficBD, estão dispersos, e a literatura existente não oferece uma metodologia comum e concreta para preparar, configurar, implementar e usar uma plataforma (framework) baseada em tecnologias Big Data para gerir o ciclo de vida de dados espaciotemporais em larga escala, com ênfase nas série temporais georreferenciadas (em inglês, geo-referenced time series — GRTS) e eventos espacio- temporais (em inglês, spatiotemporal events — ST Events), extrair valor destes dados e apoiar os RITMOs nos seus processos de decisão. Esta dissertação doutoral propõe uma metodologia prescritiva orientada a dados, para o design, desenvolvimento e implementação de plataformas de MobiTrafficBD, focadas em GRTS e ST Events. Além de uma revisão de literatura completa nas áreas de Dados Espaciotemporais, Big Data e na junção destas áreas através do conceito de MobiTrafficBD, a metodologia proposta contem um conjunto de características gerais, requisitos técnicos, componentes lógicos, fluxos de dados e modelos de infraestrutura tecnológica, bem como diretrizes e boas práticas para investigadores, profissionais e outras partes interessadas, como RITMOs, com o objetivo de guiá-los pelas fases de design, desenvolvimento e implementação de qualquer pla- taforma MobiTrafficBD. Este trabalho deve ser visto como um guia metodológico de suporte, baseado em Arqui- teturas de Referência e diretrizes amplamente utilizadas, mas enriquecido com as característi- cas e assuntos implícitos relacionados com Dados Espaciotemporais em Larga Escala, como no caso de GRTS e ST Events. A metodologia proposta foi avaliada e demonstrada em vários cenários reais no âmbito de projetos de investigação financiados pela Comissão Europeia e pelo Governo português, nos quais foram implementados métodos, ferramentas e tecnologias nas áreas de Gestão de Dados, Processamento de Dados e Ciência e Visualização de Dados em plataformas MobiTrafficB

Síntese e caracterização de nano emissores de YAG : Dy para LEDs

Mestrado em Engenharia FísicaEste trabalho teve como objetivo principal a utilização de uma técnica de síntese eficiente e de baixo custo para a produção de nano emissores de granada de ítrio e alumínio (YAG) dopado com iões trivalentes de disprósio (YAG:Dy). A técnica adotada foi a síntese por auto combustão em solução (SCS) com combinação de combustíveis. Numa primeira fase estudou-se a influência dos combustíveis (ureia, glicina e a combinação dos dois) na qualidade estrutural e ótica do material produzido, neste caso YAG dopado com térbio, com vista a identificar o método de produção mais eficaz. Estudou-se de seguida a influência da percentagem da dopagem de disprósio na qualidade dos materiais produzidos usando uma combinação de ureia e glicina em quantidades estequiométricas. Durante a síntese identificou-se que o processo dava origem a materiais com diferentes propriedades em função da sua localização no reator, pelo que foi igualmente realizado um estudo comparativo destes dois materiais e como as suas propriedades eram influenciadas por tratamentos térmicos pós-síntese. Também a influência do tipo de reator, forno ou placa de aquecimento, nas referidas propriedades foi estudada para os materiais produzidos. Foram utilizadas técnicas de difração de raios-X, e espectroscopia de Raman para caracterizar as estruturas produzidas e técnicas de espectroscopia de fotoluminescência para a caracterização ótica da emissão dos nano pós produzidos. Pretendeu-se com este estudo identificar as condições ótimas de síntese para o objetivo pretendido. Dos resultados obtidos pode-se afirmar que o uso combinado, em quantidades estequiométricas, de ureia e glicina pelo método de SCS permitiu a obtenção de pós de YAG, cujos tamanhos da cristalite variaram entre os 28 nm e os 42 nm. Também se observou a incorporação do disprósio, na sua forma trivalente, na rede cristalina do YAG, sendo que a sua emissão mais intensa se observa para dopagens de 2% de disprósio.The main goal of this work is the use of an efficient and low cost synthesis technique to produce emissive nano powders of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) doped with dysprosium ions (YAG:Dy). The adopted technique was a variation of the solution synthesis combustion (SCS) with fuels combination. We start by studying the fuels influence (urea, glycine and a combination of both) on the structural and optic quality of the synthesized material, in this case YAG doped with terbium, to identify a more effective production method. The next step was study the influence of the dysprosium percentage in the produced materials quality using a combination of urea and glycine in stoichiometric quantities. During the synthesis was identified that process originate materials with different properties depending of their positions in the reactor. Therefore, a comparative study of this two materials was made and also how their properties were influenced by heat treatment after the synthesis. Also two different type of reactors were used, a furnace and a thermal plate, and their influence on the produced materials properties were studied. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy techniques were used to characterize the produced structures combined with photoluminescence techniques to optically characterize the produced nano-phosphors. With this study was possible to identify the best synthesis conditions in order to achieve the intended properties of the nano-phosphors. From the characterization results we identified the combined used of urea and glycine in stoichiometric quantities as the best option to obtain pure YAG phosphors by the SCS method. Crystallite sizes between 28 nm and 42 nm were obtained. Also the incorporation of the different percentages of dysprosium ions (in their trivalent form) into the YAG lattice was achieved. From the incorporation studies we identified the most intense emission was observed to 2% doping samples

As duas versões da Passio S. Cucufatis : estudo, edição crítica e tradução

O núcleo do presente trabalho consiste no estudo da transmissão textual seguido da edição crítica das duas variantes da Passio S. Cucufatis. No caso da versão considerada hispânica (BHL 1999), trata-se de apresentar um texto crítico a partir de um conjunto de códices mais alargado do que aquele utilizado nas duas edições do Passionário Hispânico. A passio é assim abordada como uma peça independente que, após a sua composição, circulou também fora do âmbito daquela colecção hagiográfica de origem peninsular. Quanto à versão catalogada como BHL 1998, representando uma reescrita de origem muito provavelmente parisiense, composta no século IX, é aqui objecto de uma primeira edição crítica moderna. A primeira secção pretende delinear os contextos cultuais de que as duas versões da passio foram a principal manifestação literária, desde as suas origens na antiga Barcino até à sua introdução na Gália carolíngia. Reserva-se o último capítulo aos parcos indícios da presença do culto a São Cucufate no território actualmente português. Os demais capítulos, precedendo o conjunto crítico de cada variante, procuram oferecer análises textuais mais aprofundadas. Destes destacam-se, pela sua relevância para a compreensão dos textos, a discussão em torno das origens de BHL 1999 – questão para a qual possuímos escassos elementos, e o ensaio que tem por objectivo identificar os principais processos que operaram na redacção de BHL 1998 a partir de BHL 1999, e que poderão revelar alguns dos motivos que levaram o hagiógrafo ao esforço da reescrita.The core of this dissertation consists of a critical edition and a study of the textual transmission of the two versions of the Passio S. Cucufatis. Regarding the socalled Hispanic version (BHL 1999), I aimed to present a critical text based in a larger group of manuscripts than that used in the two previous editions of the Hispanic Passionary. The passio is therefore approached as an independent piece that circulated on its own separately from that peninsular hagiographical collection. As for the version catalogued as BHL 1998, which represents a 9th century rewriting most likely of Parisian origin, it is herein treated to its first modern critical edition. The first section outlines the cultual contexts whose main literary output were the two versions of this passio, from its beginnings in Barcelona to its introduction in Carolingian Gaul, including some considerations regarding the scarce traces of S. Cucufas' cult in Portuguese territory. The chapters introducing the critical text of each variant intend to provide a deeper textual analysis of both versions of the passio. Among these, because of their importance to our understanding of the texts, we highlight the discussion concerning the origins of BHL 1999, for which we have meagre evidence, and an essay where I endeavour to identify the main processes at work in the composition of BHL 1998, which may reveal some of the author's motivations for his rewriting of an older text

As profecias de São Columba: uma tradução do Livro I da Vita S. Columbae de Adomnán de Iona

Tese de mestrado, Edição e Tradução de Textos Clássicos, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2011Este estudo consiste numa tradução do Livro I da Vita S. Columbae de Adomnán de Iona, com base no texto estabelecido por Anderson & Anderson (Oxford, 1991). A introdução pretende esboçar, quer o ambiente histórico-cultural em que o texto foi produzido, quer os aspectos principais da sua composição, para uma melhor compreensão das realidades subjacentes à obra hagiográfica.Abstract: The present thesis is a translation of Book I of Adomnán of Iona’s Vita S. Columbae, based on the latin text established by Anderson & Anderson (Oxford, 1991). The introductory chapters are conceived as a brief overview of the historical, cultural and social backgrounds in which the Vita was produced, as well as of the main aspects of its composition, aiming to acquaint the reader with the world that underlies the hagiographic work

Geodynamic evolution of the South Variscan Iberian Suture as recorded by mineral transformations

New structural, petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical data from the Beja-Acebuches Ophiolite Complex (BAOC) are presented, and reviewed together with data published elsewhere. The new data obtained shed light on questions such as: 1) the relative importance of the obduction event; 2) its geological record in the deep levels of BAOC; 3) the nature and intensity of the Variscan metamorphism and deformation during subsequent continental (arc) collision; 4) the age relationships between BAOC and the Beja Igneous Complex; and 5) by means of numerical modelling, the thermal metamorphism of the Ossa-Morena autochthonous terranes induced by the ophiolite obduction. The emerging picture is that of a fairly simple overall geological evolution for BAOC, seamlessly integrated within the evolution of the southern branch of the Iberian Variscides. Obduction of BAOC is a relatively minor early event in the general NE–SW convergence that gave rise to the orogen as seen regionally and is recorded by an anisotropic, high-temperature, metamorphic fabric at the gabbro levels and by subtle features of the chemical composition of primary minerals at the underlying peridotite level; it caused chilling of the obducted ophiolitic slab and no significant metamorphism on the autochtonous rocks of the Ossa-Morena Zone. BAOC underwent most of its deformation and (amphibolite facies) metamorphism during a later collisional event, that took place as the most primitive rocks of the Beja Igneous complex were being intruded, and whose waning stages are responsible for extensive serpentinisation of peridotites and for important aquocarbonic fluid discharges along the semibrittle–brittle shear zones meanwhile developed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Novel Big Data-supported dynamic toll charging system: Impact assessment on Portugal’s shadow-toll highways

Traffic congestion is a huge problem in many countries. It affects not only the inner workings of cities but also the quality of life of the people that endure it. In Portugal, traffic congestion happens mainly on national/urban roads, and this phenomenon has increased since the introduction of the so called shadow-toll systems in highways that were free to use. This work proposes a toll charging system that relies on a novel dynamic congestion charging scheme, supported by state of the art Big Data technologies, in order to shift traffic from national/urban roads to tolled highways, taking into account not only the Quality of Service of the highways and national roads, but also the competitiveness of toll prices for users. This Intelligent Transportation System was tested and validated in a real-world scenario with one of the biggest freight logistics companies in Portugal and with the Portuguese public road infrastructure operator.This work was performed under the scope of the OPTIMUM Project - Multi-source Big Data Fusion Driven Proactivity for Intelligent Mobility, grant agreement number 636160-2, funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.Accepted versio

The Boost 4.0 Experience

In the last few years, the potential impact of big data on the manufacturing industry has received enormous attention. This chapter details two large-scale trials that have been implemented in the context of the lighthouse project Boost 4.0. The chapter introduces the Boost 4.0 Reference Model, which adapts the more generic BDVA big data reference architectures to the needs of Industry 4.0. The Boost 4.0 reference model includes a reference architecture for the design and implementation of advanced big data pipelines and the digital factory service development reference architecture. The engineering and management of business network track and trace processes in high-end textile supply are explored with a focus on the assurance of Preferential Certification of Origin (PCO). Finally, the main findings from these two large-scale piloting activities in the area of service engineering are discussed.publishersversionpublishe

Manufacturing Data Analytics for Manufacturing Quality Assurance

The authors acknowledge the European Commission for the support and funding under the scope of Horizon2020 i4Q Innovation Project (Agreement Number 958205) and the remaining partners of the i4Q Project Consortium.Nowadays, manufacturing companies are eager to access insights from advanced analytics, without requiring them to have specialized IT workforce or data science advanced skills. Most of current solutions lack of easy-to-use advanced data preparation, production reporting and advanced analytics and prediction. Thanks to the increase in the use of sensors, actuators and instruments, European manufacturing lines collect a huge amount of data during the manufacturing process, which is very valuable for the improvement of quality in manufacturing, but analyzing huge amounts of data on a daily basis, requires heavy statistical and technology training and support, making them not accessible for SMEs. The European i4Q Project, aims at providing an IoT-based Reliable Industrial Data Services (RIDS), a complete suite consisting of 22 i4Q Solutions, able to manage the huge amount of industrial data coming from cheap cost-effective, smart, and small size interconnected factory devices for supporting manufacturing online monitoring and control. This paper will present a set of i4Q services, for data integration and fusion, data analytics and data distribution. Such services, will be responsible for the execution of AI workloads (including at the edge), enabling the dynamic deployment industrial scenarios based on a cloud/edge architecture. Monitoring at various levels is provided in i4Q through scalable tools and the collected data, is used for a variety of activities including resource monitoring and management, workload assignment, smart alerting, predictive failure and model (re)training.publishersversionpublishe